Grammar In Focus ~ Unit 6

1. Degrees of Comparison
   Study these sentences carefully.
   - Ani is Tall. (positive)
   - Dery is Taller. (comparative)- Andi is the tallest. (superlative)
   Then, Study these ones.
   - My bag is expensive. (positive)
   - This bag is more expensive. (comparative)
   - That one over there is the most expensive. (superlative)
   
   There are some rules we should pay attention to in comparison of adjectives.

a. Comparative and superlative forms

• The comparative form of adjectives is used to compared two things. However the superlative form of adjectives is used when one thing is compared to a group of three or more things.
  There are some rules we should pay attention to in comparison ofct adjectives.
  
  They are as follows :
  1.      On or two syllables adjective is used with er-in the comparatives and-est in the superlative.
  
  

  Positive	Comparative	Superlative
  Cold Old Hard Pretty Happy High Hot	Colder Older Harder Prettier Happier Higher Hotter	Coldest Oldest Hardest Prettiest Happiest Highest Hottest

  
  
  2.      When adjectives have three or more syllables, the comparative is formed with more and superlative is formed with most.
  
  

  Positive	Comparative	Superlative
  Beautiful Expensive Delicious Interesting Comfortable	More Beautiful More Expensive More Delicious More Interesting More Comfortable	Most Beautiful Most Expensive Most Delicious Most Interesting Most Comfortable

  
  
  3.      Irregular forms of adjectives are as follows :
  
  

  Positive	Comparative	Superlative
  Good Bad Old Many/Much Far	Better Worse Order/Elder More Farther/Further	Best Worst Oldest/Eldest Most Farthest/Furthest

  
  
  Examples :
  ~ Today is hotter than yesterday.
  ~ Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
  ~ Desy is more beautiful than Alicia.
  ~ Mirna is the most beautiful student in my class.
  
  
  2. Expenssions of Requests
  Request are commonly used to ask someone to do something.
  The Patterns :
  a. Modals (will,can,could,would) + you + V1
  b. Do you mind if + S + V1
      Would you mind if + S + V2
      I wonder if you could . . . .
  Examples :
  ·         Will you open the door, please ?
  ·         Can tou speak a little more slowly ?
  ·         Could you tell me the way to the hospital ?
  ·         Would you please meet me at 7 tonight ?
  ·         Do you mind staying here a moment ?
  ·         Would you mind waiting outside ?
  ·         Do you mind if I smoke here ?
  ·         Would you mind if I wore a sweater ?
  ·         I wonder if you could help me do this assigment.
  
  
  3. Expensive of Obligations
  a. Positive obligations
      S + must + V1
      Example :
  ·         You must dead now.
  ·         I must save my money.
  
  
  S + have/has to +  V1
  Example :
  ·         You have to come on time
  ·         he has to meet the manager at 6 a.m
  
  
  S + need to + V1
  Example :
  ·         I need to visit the land slide victims
  ·         he needs to look at the map
  
  
  b. Negative Obligation
      S + must not  + V1
      Example :
  ·         You must not smoke here
  
  
  c. No Obligation
      S + don`t have to + V1
      Example :
  ·         You don`t have to go to school because it`s a holiday
      
  S + don`t need to + V1
  Example :
  ·         You don`t need to do it
  
  
  d. Past Obligation
      S + had to + V1
      Example :
  ·         I had to take part in the meeting last night